Power Factor Meter

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 power factor meters it is very essential to understand what are the needs of power factor meter? Why we do not directly calculate power factor in an AC circuit just by dividing the power with product of current and voltage because these readings can be easily obtained from wattmeter, ammeter and voltmeter. Obviously there various limitations of using this method as it may not provide high accuracy, also chances of increment of error is very high. Therefore this method is not adopted in industrial world. Measurement of power factor accurately is very essential everywhere.

In power transmission system and distribution system we measure power factor at every station and electrical substation using these power factor meters.Power factor measurement provides us the knowledge of type of loads that we are using and helps in calculation of losses happening during the power transmission system and distribution.

Hence we need a separate device for calculating the power factor accurately and more precisely.
General construction of any power factor meter circuit include two coils namely pressure coil and current coil. Pressure coil is connected across the circuit while current coil is connected such that it can carry circuit current or a definite fraction of current. By measuring the phase difference between the voltage and current the electrical power factor can be calculated on suitable calibrated scale. Usually the pressure coil is splits into two parts namely inductive and non-inductive part or pure resistive part. There is no requirement of controlling system because at equilibrium there exist two opposite forces which balance the movement of pointer without any requirement of controlling force.



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