Basics of Arduino

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What Is Arduino?

Arduino is an open source programmable circuit board that can be integrated into a wide variety of makerspace projects both simple and complex.  This board contains a microcontroller which is able to be programmed to sense and control objects in the physical world.


Arduino Uno

One of the most popular Arduino boards out there is the Arduino Uno.  While it was not actually the first board to be released, it remains to be the most actively used and most widely documented on the market.  Because of its extreme popularity, the Arduino Uno has a ton of project tutorials and forums around the web that can help you get started or out of a jam.  We’re big fans of the Uno because of it’s great features and ease of use.




Board Breakdown

Here are the components that make up an Arduino board and what each of their functions are.

  1. Reset Button – This will restart any code that is loaded to the Arduino board
  2. AREF – Stands for “Analog Reference” and is used to set an external reference voltage
  3. Ground Pin – There are a few ground pins on the Arduino and they all work the same
  4. Digital Input/Output –  Pins 0-13 can be used for digital input or output
  5. PWM – The pins marked with the (~) symbol can simulate analog output
  6. USB Connection – Used for powering up your Arduino and uploading sketches
  7. TX/RX – Transmit and receive data indication LEDs
  8. ATmega Microcontroller –  This is the brains and is where the programs are stored
  9. Power LED Indicator – This LED lights up anytime the board is plugged in a power source
  10. Voltage Regulator – This controls the amount of voltage going into the Arduino board
  11. DC Power Barrel Jack  – This is used for powering your Arduino with a power supply
  12. 3.3V Pin – This pin supplies 3.3 volts of power to your projects
  13. 5V Pin – This pin supplies 5 volts of power to your projects
  14. Ground Pins –  There are a few ground pins on the Arduino and they all work the same
  15. Analog Pins –  These pins can read the signal from an analog sensor and convert it to digital

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