211 SRI RAMAKRISHNA MISSION VIDYALYA POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE.

  The way power our world is undergoing a massive transformation. For over a century, our electricity grids have largely operated on a one-way system: power plants generate electricity, and consumers use it. But a new era is dawning, one where our grids are becoming smarter, more efficient, and more resilient. Welcome to the world of smart grids ! What Exactly is a Smart Grid? Imagine your current electrical grid. Now, envision it with a brain, a nervous system, and the ability to communicate. That, in essence, is a smart grid. It's an modernized electrical grid that uses digital technology to monitor, control, and manage the delivery of electricity from all generation sources to meet the varying electricity demands of end-users. Unlike traditional grids, smart grids are two-way. They not only deliver electricity to consumers but also receive information back from them. This bidirectional flow of information and electricity is what makes them "smart." Key Features of a Sm...

 A rotor resistance starter uses a ladder diagram to control the gradual removal of external resistance from a slip-ring motor 's rotor circuit , starting with high resistance for low starting current and high starting torque , and ending with the rotor short-circuited for normal running. The ladder diagram consists of rungs that energize contactors sequentially via timers to gradually cut out resistors.  Ladder diagram ladder rungs A basic ladder diagram for a rotor resistance starter would include the following components:  Power supply: Three-phase AC power is connected to the starter. Motor Contactor (MC): The main contactor that connects the stator to the power supply. This is the first contactor to close. Timers : These are used to control the time delay for each stage of resistance removal. Resistor bank : Multiple steps of resistors are connected in series with the rotor circuit at the start. Shunt Contactors (S1, S2, etc.): Each shunt contactor is connected i...

  Synchronous Condenser An over-excited synchronous motor running on no-load is called the  synchronous condenser .  It is also known as  synchronous capacitor  or  synchronous compensator or synchronous phase modifier . A synchronous motor can deliver or absorb reactive power by changing the DC excitation of its field winding. It can be made to draw a leading current from the supply with over-excitation of its field winding and therefore, it supplies lagging reactive power (or absorbs leading reactive power).